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Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the reliability of functional balance tests and their correlation with selected anthropometric parameters in children aged 7-10 years.
Methods: Participants were 80 students aged 7-10 (40 female and 40 male). Romberg Test and Sharpened Romberg Test were used for assessing static balance, while timed up and go test, tandem walk test, and Y-balance test were used for measuring dynamic balance. Selected anthropometric factors were body height, upper body length, lower body length, Foot length and body mass. Reliability was determined using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and Pearson correlation was used for examining the relationship between balance tests and selected anthropometric parameters at a significance level of P≥0.05.
Results: Static balance tests were not reliable, but dynamic tests were reliable. No significant correlation was found between anthropometric parameters and static and dynamic tests (P>0.05); except between lower body length and Y-balance test (r=0.53, P=0.01).
Conclusion: It seems that at the age of 7-10 years, static balance tests are affected because the sensory systems related to balance are developing. Therefore, static balance tests, which require weighting of each of these systems with eyes closed and open, are not good criteria for examining the balance of this age group. Hence, it is better to use dynamic balance tests, especially the Y-balance test.

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Objective: Exercise-associated Muscle Cramp (EAMC) is an intense, painful, and involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles during a physical activity. Runners are more prone to this syndrome than other athletes. The present paper aims to review of the literature on EAMC in runners to determine the reasons and nature of EAMC in this sports field.
Methods: A search was conducted for related studies from 1997 to 2021 in MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE/SCOPUS, LILACS, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Web of Science, PEDro, Google Scholar as well as MagIran, IranDoc, IranMedex, MedLib using MeSH Keywords. The reference section of the studies were also checked to find more studies. Finally, 15 eligible papers on EAMC in runners were reviewed and findings were reported.
Results: Several factors were found to be effective in EAMC among runners, including dehydration, electrolyte deficit, cold, long training or competition period, increased body temperature during training or competition, history of injury or muscle cramp, increased training intensity in short time, and dietary restrictions.
Conclusion: The cause of EAMC in runners seems to be multifactorial. 

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Objective: Sports injuries are an inevitable part of sports activities. Therefore, investigating the causes and prevention strategies of these injuries is a crucial matter. Considering the importance of the effect sports injuries on peoples lives and overshadowing all their activities in daily life and sport's professional life, it is highly recommended to prevent injuries and reduce the time of being away from training and competitions in elite badminton players. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review researches related to badminton injuries in order to draw a practical and comprehensive conclusion from the previously conducted studies in the field.
Methods: In this study, we reviewed researches conducted on badminton injuries between 2000-2021. Articles were searched in specific databases and 32 articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition, PEDro scale was used to evaluate the quality of the articles.
Results: The results showed that amateur players had a higher incidence of injuries than the professional ones and those occurred during training were higher compared to those of competition. The prevalence of acute and mild injuries is higher than chronic and moderate ones. In addition, overuse injuries are more common in the knee and shoulder. Based on the level of competition it was found that the prevalence of injury in national and world competitions is more common, due to trauma and overuse, in the lower- back, knees and shoulders respectively. Moreover, most soft tissue injuries such as ankle sprain is commonly experienced by amateur players in training and practice. The comparison of the upper and lower extremity injuries demonstrated that the highest prevalence of injuries in the upper limbs is related to the wrists, shoulders, and lower- back, and the prevalence of injuries in the shoulder joint is less than the lower- back. In the lower extremity, ankle and knee are more predisposed to injury respectively.
Conclusion: Drawing on this research, the occurrence of injury in badminton apparently goes back to numerous factors. In this study, the causes and factors of injury in this sport are mentioned. To reduce the incidence of injuries caused by badminton, it is necessary to take all these factors into consideration.