Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 6 1 2020 6 1 Effect of Eight Weeks of 11+ Training on Functional Movement Screening Test Scores in Female Futsal Players 2 11 FA Akram Kiani Sheikhabadi Department of Sport Pathology and Corrective Movements, Faculty of Physical Education, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Reza Mahdavinejad Department of Sport Pathology and Corrective Movements, Faculty of Sport Science, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran. Nader Rahnma Department of Sport Pathology and Corrective Movements, Faculty of Sport Science, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of an 8-week 11+ exercise program on seven test scores of Functional Movement Screening (FMS) in female futsal players. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 48 female futsal players who were selected using purposive and convenience sampling methods and randomly divided into two groups of exercise (n=36; Mean±SD age=23.3±2.8 years; Mean±SD height=164.94±4.93 cm; Mean±SD weight=63.58±6.35 kg) and control (n=12; Mean±SD age=23.08±2.74 years; Mean±SD height=165.42±5.08 cm; Mean±SD weight=62.83±6.10 kg). Seven FMS tests were carried out before and after implementation of the 11+ exercise protocol for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week each for 20 minutes. For analyzing the data, repeated-measures ANOVA was used considering a significant level of P≤0.05. Results: The 11+ exercise program had a significant interaction effect on the scores of deep squat (F(1.46)=6.07; P=0.01), hurdle step (F(1.46)=4.98; P=0.03), and in-line lunge (F(1.46)=11.63; P=0.001) in subjects, but had no significant effect on their shoulder mobility (F(1.46)=2.19; P=0.14), active straight-leg raise (F(1.46)=2.003; P=0.16), trunk stability push-up (F(1.46)=1.09; P=0.30), and rotary stability (F(1.46)=0.20; P=0.20). Conclusion: It seems that the 11+ exercise program was effective in improving the FMS scores of female futsal players. It can be used by coaches and corrective exercises experts as a training method for injury prevention before training in female futsal players.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 6 1 2020 6 1 Comparison of the Maximum Angular Velocity of Lower Limb Joints in Different Methods of Zenkutsu-dachi in Karate 12 21 FA Ali Amiri Khorasani Department of Sport Biomechanic, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran. Mohammad Taghi Amiri Khorasani Department of Sport Biomechanic, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran. Fariborz Mohammadipour Department of Sport Biomechanic, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran. Objective: Proper performance of Dachi in karate as a basic technique has a direct impact on the performance of other techniques. The aim of the present is to compare the maximum angular velocities of the hip, knee and ankle joints under different Zenkutsu-dachi movement patterns in karate athletes. Methods: Participants were 12 male karate athletes height= 175±5.5 cm; weight=75±5.5 kg, age=25±5.5 years, history=8±2.5 years). A three-dimensional motion analyzer with six synchronized infrared cameras at a video recording speed of 200 frames per second was used, and recordings were analyzed in Cortex 2.5.0 software. Zenkutsu-dachi forward movement was performed in six different patterns. The normality of the data distribution was confirmed by Shapiro-Wilk test. To test the study hypotheses, repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used in SPSS V. 25 considering the significant level of P<0.05. Results: There was a significant difference between movement patterns 3 and 4 and between patterns 5 and 6 in the hip joint (P<0.05), while no significant difference in the knee and ankle joints was reported. Each of the Zenkutsu-dachi movement patterns could change the position and range of motion of the hip joint and iliopsoas muscles. Conclusion: By bringing the front leg more forward and bending the back leg slightly, the involved limbs and muscles can be in optimal state and creates greater angular velocity in the hip joint.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 6 1 2020 6 1 Investigation of the Functional Balance in Children With Sensory Impairment Aged 6 to 14 Years Old 22 31 FA Hassan Daneshmandi Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Chiman َAlyarnezhad Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Objective: The balance of human body is maintained by a complex process involving visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems. Since the postural control require information from all of these three sensory systems to maintain optimal postural stability, lack of information in one system may affect body sway during maintaining balance .The purpose of this study is to investigate the functional balance in boys with severe-to-profound vision and hearing impairments aged 6-14 years. Methods: This descriptive analytical study was conducted on 30 visually-impaired, 30 hearing-impaired and 30 healthy boys who were selected by purposive sampling method. The Timed Up and Go Test was used for functional balance assessment. One-way ANOVA and Scheffe’s post hoc test were used to analyze data in SPSS V. 20 software, considering the significance level at P≤0.05 Results: Functional balance was significantly different in visually-impaired, hearing-impaired and healthy boys (P=0001) where it was poorer in visually-impaired boys compared to visually-impaired and healthy groups (P=0.000). There was no significant difference between hearing-impaired and healthy boys (P=0.001 ). Conclusion: It seems that vision and hearing impairments can reduce functional balance in boys. Visually-impaired boys have poorer balance than the hearing-impaired and healthy boys.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 6 1 2020 6 1 Comparing the Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance and Endurance Trainings on Physiological and Functional Factors and Record of Elite Runners 32 43 FA Ali Asqar Saberi Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bojnourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran. Merdad Fathi Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Keyvan Hejazi Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran. Objective: The 3000-meter run is one of the most popular events among endurance and semi-endurance track runnings. Due to its special conditions, aerobic and anaerobic energy production systems can be used at the same time. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of resistance and endurance trainings on physiological and functional factors and record of elite runners. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 22 male elite runners were randomly assigned into the two groups of resistance (n=11) and endurance (n=11) trainings. The resistance and endurance trainings programe was performed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, each for 55-60 minutes. Physiological and functional factors were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for within-group and between-group comparisons considering the significant level at P<0.05. Results: The training led to significant improvement in heart rate, blood pressure, muscle strength, muscle endurance, balance and 3000-meter record in both groups. There was a significant difference between groups in the mentioned factors (P<0.05). Conclusion: Both resistance and endurance trainings may have a positive effect on runners’ records and performance indicators.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 6 1 2020 6 1 Instantaneous Effect of Insole on the Balance of Adolescents With Flat Foot and Pes Cavus 44 53 FA Ali Fattahi Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Zahra Koreili Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Mitra Ameli Athletic & Clinical Research Center, Pouyesh Setaregan Salamat, Tehran, Iran. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the instantaneous effect of insole on the balance of adolescents with flat foot and Pes Cavus. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 34 adolescents with flat foot and Pes Cavus (17 girls and 17 boys) in the age range of 11 to 14 years in Tehran were randomly selected and their balance performance in static and dynamic positions was examined before and after instantaneous using of insole. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: Paired t-test results showed that the instantaneous effect of insole on dynamic balance is significant (P=0.00), but it had no significant effect on static balance (P=0.07). The results of independent t-test showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of dynamic balance (P=0.99) and static balance (P=0.52) in Pre-test phase. There was no significant difference between the two groups in dynamic balance (P=0.25) and static balance (P=0.72) in Post-test phase, either. Conclusion: Using medical insole can improve the dynamic balance in adolescents with Pes Cavus and flat foot, but has no effect on their static balance.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 6 1 2020 6 1 Effect of Eight Weeks Plyometric Training on Some Kinematic Parameters, Horizontal Jumping Power, Agility, and Body Composition in Elite Parkour Athletes 54 65 FA Abdolrasoul Daneshjoo Department of Sport Biomechanics and Corrective Exercise, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Soudabeh Raeisi Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Objective: A high correlation between lower limb explosive power and muscular strength, production of high power levels in the shortest time, and high level of agility are essential to achieve optimal performance in Parkour. It seems that polymetric exercises can make it possible to achieve the highest performance. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of an 8-week plyometric exercise program on knee kinematic parameters, body composition, agility and horizontal jumping power of Parkour athletes. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design, 20 elite Parkour athletes aged 19-26 years were selected and randomly divided into two groups of exercise (n=10) and control (n=10). The exercise group carried out the program for eight weeks, three sessions per week, each for one hour. Before and after exercise, measurements of kinematic parameters of knee, agility, and horizontal jumping power, and body composition in subjects were performed. The collected data were analyzed using t-test considering a significant level of P≤0.05. Results: Plyometric exercise for eight weeks had a significant effect on knee kinematic parameters of Parkour athletes (P=0.003) and significantly improved their horizontal jump, agility and reduced body fat percentage (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Plyometric exercise can significantly improve kinematic parameters of the knee, increase the jumping power and agility, and reduce body fat percentage in Parkour athletes; however, since Parkour movements are very similar to plyometric exercises, more study is needed.