Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 9 4 2024 3 1 Effectiveness of a Kata Exercise Course on Static and Dynamic Balance in Hyperactive Children 272 283 FA Sohyela Roshan Education Department of Sahne, Dinavar District, Kermanshah, Iran. Rezvan Souri Education Department of Hamadan, Hamadan, Iran. Mohammad Jalilvand Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran. Objective Movement and balance skills of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder are weaker than normal children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a course of kata exercises on static and dynamic balance in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Methods This research was semi-experimental. The statistical population of the current study was all female children aged 10 to 12 years old with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Hamadan city. The subjects of this research were 30 children who were selected by convenience sampling. At first, the characteristics of body measurements and static and dynamic balance pre-tests of children were recorded. After matching, subjects were randomly assigned to two control or experimental groups of 15 individuals. Then the participants of the experimental group participated in the protocol of kata exercises for 12 weeks and three sessions per week. After the last training session, the post-test of static and dynamic balance were measured in the same conditions as the pre-test. Independent and dependent t-tests were used to analyze the data. Results 12 weeks of kata exercises led to a significant increase in static balance with the dominant leg (P<0.001), static balance with the non-dominant leg (P<0/001) and dynamic balance in different directions (P<0.001) in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Hamedan. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that kata exercises can be a useful training method to help children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder to improve their static and dynamic balance.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 9 4 2024 3 1 Modern Approaches in Sport Biomechanics: A Review Paper 284 300 FA Maryam Mohammad Pour Koli Department of Sports Biomechanics, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Ali Fatahi Department of Sports Biomechanics, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Objective In recent years, advancements in information technology, such as wireless EMG, high-resolution cameras, programs like OpenSim, innovations in textile sensors, and the emergence of artificial intelligence and smart mobile devices, have provided biomechanists with new tools and approaches. This study aims to investigate emerging trends in sports biomechanics, summarizing and providing practical insights from research conducted between 2015 and 2023. Methods A systematic search of research articles on new biomechanics approaches published between 2015 and 2023 was conducted. Specialized databases were queried, and 47 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. Results Analysis of the selected studies revealed that the integration of information technology, artificial intelligence, smartphones, software, and wearable medical sensors in sports biomechanics has shown promising results in enhancing performance and reducing injury risks. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that advancements in sports biomechanics technologies are pushing the boundaries of current research. Continued exploration and application of these technologies will likely shape the future of sports science and performance.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 9 4 2024 3 1 Comparison of the Effects of Exercises with and without Feedback on Lower Extremity Kinematics During Jump Landing Tasks in Men with Selected Motor Control Defects: A Randomized Clinical Trial 302 319 FA Mohadeseh Ashrafizadeh Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Aliasghar Norasteh Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Objective Deficient movement patterns can alter the kinematics of lower limb during landing jump tasks, potentially leading to non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of an eight-week kinematic feedback training program on male athletes exhibiting selected movement control issues during jumping tasks. Methods This study is a randomized clinical trial conducted before and after the intervention. Thirty-four male recreational athletes with movement control deficiencies were chosen based on predetermined criteria and randomly assigned to either a control or feedback group in a 1:1 ratio. Kinematic variables were recorded in the sagittal and frontal planes while participants performed jumping and landing tasks before and after a two-month jump training program, with feedback provided to the feedback group and not to the control group. Data analysis utilized two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests for each movement task, with significance set at P < 0.05. Results Results from the statistical analysis revealed that the eight-week feedback training program significantly influenced hip, knee, and ankle kinematics in athletes with motor control deficiencies during jump-landing tasks. Additionally, feedback was effective in reducing knee valgus. Conclusion The findings demonstrate that feedback effectively impacts kinematic parameters in both sagittal and frontal planes, suggesting its potential utility in correcting incomplete movement patterns during jump-landing tasks.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 9 4 2024 3 1 The Effect of Neuromuscular Exercise on Balance, Functional Movement, and Knee and Ankle Proprioception in 15-18-Year-Old Female Taekwondo Players 320 335 FA Farnoosh Sarvar Department of Sports Pathology and Corrective Movements, Shafaq Institute of Higher Education, Tonkabon, Mazandaran, Iran. Mohamad Fallah Mohamadi Department of Sports Pathology and Corrective Movements, Shafaq Institute of Higher Education, Tonkabon, Mazandaran, Iran. Faezeh Safari Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neuromuscular training on balance, motor function, and knee and ankle proprioception in female taekwondo athletes aged 15 to 18 years. Methods In this study, 30 taekwondo athletes aged 15 to 18 were selected and randomly divided into two groups: control and experimental. To assess the training program's efficacy, tests related to static and dynamic balance were conducted using the stork and wow tests, while functional movements were evaluated with the screening test (FMS). Results The results of this study demonstrated a significant improvement in static balance following the implementation of the exercise program (p < 0.05). Conclusion In summary, the findings of this study indicate the efficacy of neuromuscular exercises in enhancing both static and dynamic balance, motor function, knee and ankle proprioception in female taekwondo athletes. Consequently, the adoption of this training program is recommended for coaches and athletes in this sport to mitigate injury risk and enhance sports performance.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 9 4 2024 3 1 Comparing Upper Limb Performance Between Women and Men in CrossFit: Associations with FMS, Davis, and Dash Tests 336 350 FA Sabikeh Moghaddamnezhad Department of Sport Sciences, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Abdolrasoul Daneshjoo Department of Sport Sciences, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Objective The current study aimed to compare the upper limb performance (range of motion and Y balance test) of male and female CrossFit athletes and its relationship with scores from the functional movement screen (FMS), Davis test, and Dash test. Methods Forty-two male and female CrossFit athletes were included in this study based on specific criteria. Measurements were taken for internal and external rotation range of motion, right and left Y balance tests, FMS scores, Davis test results, and the degree of shoulder and hand functional disability (DASH). The normality of the data was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test. As the data were not normally distributed, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationships between variables. Additionally, the Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare groups of men and women. Results The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between external and internal rotation range of motion and the Y balance test of the right and left hands with FMS and Davis test scores in men (p ≤ 0.05). However, there was no significant relationship between external and internal rotation range of motion and the Y balance test of the right and left hands with Dash test scores (p > 0.05). For women, a significant positive correlation was observed between external and internal rotation range of motion and the Y balance test of the right and left hands with the FMS test (p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, a positive correlation was found between internal rotation range of motion and the Y balance test of the left hand with the Davis test (p ≤ 0.05). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between men and women in external rotation range of motion, Davis test, and Dash test results (p ≤ 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between men and women in other variables (p > 0.05). Conclusion Based on the study results and the relationship between FMS and Davis test scores with range of motion and Y balance test performance in male and female CrossFit athletes, these tests can be utilized to assess potential injury risk and predict injury likelihood in this population.

Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2476-4906 9 4 2024 3 1 Comparison of the Effect between Traband and Brace on People with Genu Varum and Genu Valgum Deformities: A Systematic Review 352 368 FA Mohsen Barghamadi Abbas Ghadimi KheshtMasjedi Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. Ebrahim Piri Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. Objective Various lower limb abnormalities can adversely affect human movement mechanics, such as walking, and induce symptoms of joint instability. Structural deviations, particularly in the knees and ankles, elevate the risk of injury and may impede individuals from engaging in activities. Consequently, alongside exercise protocols, individuals may require supportive tools to address these deformities. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the efficacy of Traband and braces in diverse training protocols for individuals with genu varum and genu valgum. Methods This study adopted a review approach, scouring Persian articles from 2018 to 2024 across databases including Wos, Science Direct, Sid, Magiran, Civilica, Isc, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Ultimately, 10 articles pertaining to the impact of various training protocols utilizing Traband and braces on cruciate knee genu varum and genu valgum were scrutinized. Results Three studies revealed that Traband usage enhances and sustains balance in genu valgum deformities, with two articles indicating its effectiveness in rectifying genu varum abnormalities. Additionally, three studies demonstrated braces' effectiveness in ameliorating genu valgum deformities, while two articles suggested their role in genu varum recovery. Conclusion The findings indicate that performing distinct exercises with braces and Trabands yields positive effects on knee brace and crossed knee deformities. However, Traband, due to its non-restrictive nature and cost-effectiveness, emerges as a favorable option compared to braces.