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Maleki B, Raisi Z. The Effect of Aquatic and Land-based Exercises on Pain Reduction, Muscle Strength and Kinetic/Kinematic Variables in People with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Review Study. J Sport Biomech 2018; 4 (3) :2-13
URL: http://biomechanics.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-165-en.html

Objective: Chronic Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the problems that afflicts most people in society. It can directly affect gait parameters. Changes in gait parameters increase the amount of pain in these individuals. The aim of this study was to review the effect of therapeutic interventions (aquatic and land-based exercises) on gait parameters in individuals with chronic LBP.
Methods: By searching for published papers related to kinetics, kinematics and therapeutic exercises in patients with chronic LBP in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar databases, 34 articles were selected for review.
Results: Physical exercises are effective in reducing pain and improving gait parameters in this patients with chronic LBP, but there was a significant difference between physical exercises performed on land and water.
Conclusion: Exercises due to its unique characteristics, such as buoyancy, immersion and resistance, are a safe and proper environment for the patients with chronic LBP to perform therapeutic exercises and improve the gait parameters.