Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2027)                   J Sport Biomech 2027, 12(4): 732-755 | Back to browse issues page

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Ali Hassan M F, Abdulkareem O W, Ali L S. Effects of High-Intensity Plyometric Training on Force-Time Characteristics During Volleyball Spike and Block Jumps. J Sport Biomech 2027; 12 (4) :732-755
URL: http://biomechanics.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-547-en.html
Effects of High-Intensity Plyometric Training on Force-Time Characteristics During Volleyball Spike and Block Jumps
Moneer Fadel Ali Hassan *1 , Omar Waleed Abdulkareem1 , Linha Safaa Ali1
1- Physical Education and Sports Sciences College, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract:   (37 Views)
Objective This study examined the effects of an 8-week high-intensity plyometric training (HPT) program on the temporal and kinetic characteristics of vertical ground reaction forces (vGRFs) during volleyball spike and block jumps.
Methods Forty male recreational volleyball players were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG, n = 20), which completed a 3-day/week HPT program alongside their regular volleyball training, or a control group (CG, n = 20), which maintained their usual training regimen. vGRFs were measured using a force platform. Peak force (PF), rate of force development (RFD), and time to peak force (TPF) were extracted from the force-time curves. Data were analyzed using a two-way mixed-design repeated-measures ANOVA, and effect sizes were calculated using partial eta squared (ηp²).
Results Significant Time × Group interactions were identified for PF, RFD, and TPF in both the spike and block jump tasks (p < 0.001). Following the intervention, the EG exhibited higher PF and RFD values and lower TPF values across both jumping tasks, while the CG remained statistically unchanged.
Conclusion The 8-week HPT program was associated with improved force-production magnitude and temporal characteristics during volleyball-specific spike and block jumps in the present sample. These findings support the consideration of HPT as a component of volleyball training aimed at developing rapid force-production characteristics during sport-specific jumping tasks.
Keywords: Volleyball, Plyometric training, Vertical ground reaction force, Spike jump, Block jump
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Type of Study: Research | Subject: General
Received: 2026/07/15 | Accepted: 2026/10/12 | Published: 2026/10/15
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